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Lyophilization and its validation and regulatory approaches form an important aspect of parenteral drugs.
Lyophilization is a process in which a product is frozen and placed in a vacuum and water is removed from it. This removes the need for the liquid stage in the change of ice from solid to vapor. This process consists of three phases: primary, sublimation and desorption.
Lyophilization is considered complex
Parenteral products such…
Added by Adam Fleming on March 15, 2017 at 6:17am — No Comments
After carrying out the initial preclinical studies, drug manufacturers need to implement cGMP quality systems and risk management approaches during commercial development and operations in order to be able to meet the requirements of the FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP), which are contained in and are governed by regulations 21 CFR parts 210 and 211.
The FDA’s guidance on cGMP quality systems and risk management approaches is meant to help drug manufacturers implement…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on February 10, 2017 at 6:08am — No Comments
Preparing premarket submissions that win regulatory approval is a complex task, even for the most seasoned professional in the medical devices industry. This is because of the highly stringent nature of the regulatory approval pathways, namely the Premarket Approval (PMA) process and FDA regulatory 510(k) clearance.
What makes preparing premarket…
ContinueAdded by John Robinson on February 10, 2017 at 4:19am — No Comments
Any company or individual that is required to submit IRS Form 1099 can avail a facility the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has: the Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching. This matching or likeness is among an assortment of e-services that gives what are called “authorized payers” the opportunity to match and state their own 1099 payee information with the pertinent records from the IRS. The TIN matching is a pre-filing facility, since it is done before an entity files information…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on February 8, 2017 at 5:58am — No Comments
The in-vitro diagnostics (IVD) market is a diverse and fast changing one. Of late, one of the significant changes that happened to it resulted from the passage of the Final Rule. As part of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced the Final Rule to the 2014 Protecting Access to Medicare Act (PAMA) in mid-2016, which is set to make a significant impact on the in-vitro diagnostics market by delaying implementation of…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on February 6, 2017 at 6:21am — No Comments
Statistics for the non-statistician: Isn't this some kind of a contradiction in terms? Why does a non-statistician need to rake his head over statistics? Is statistics a life skill or a lifesaving one? If it is not, why is statistics for the non-statistician necessary? At first glance, statistics for the non-statistician may appear unnecessary and redundant,…
ContinueAdded by John Robinson on January 25, 2017 at 4:59am — No Comments
ISO 14971:2012 and IEC 62304:2006 are related but different global standards for risk management pertaining to software used in medical devices. Judicious application of these two standards is the way to go for medical device companies.
ISO 14971 and IEC 62304:2006 are global standards that govern risk management and lay out regulations and guidelines for…
ContinueAdded by John Robinson on January 13, 2017 at 4:54am — No Comments
Software Validation Process for 21 CFR Part 11 is all about authenticity and integrity of electronic signatures and records. Care should be taken to avoid confusion and get validation right.
The FDA’s Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is a collection of laws that regulate the various government agencies. Different titles of the CFR govern respective regulated…
ContinueAdded by John Robinson on January 6, 2017 at 4:35am — No Comments
That the FDA has become more rigorous in the enforcement of Part 11 through its new Part 11 and on-going data integrity inspection and enforcement program is evident in this: In just the last three years, it issued more than 30 Warning Letters with Part 11 and data integrity violations. The most common citations are related to not only inadequate integrity, security and availability of electronic records, but also to validation of software and computer systems.…
Added by Adam Fleming on November 15, 2016 at 4:44am — No Comments
Statistical power may be understood as being an indicator of the ability of a test of significance to spot a practical difference, such as the one between the averages of two products that are being compared. In this context, a low power typically means that the sample sizes in the study are too small. Conclusion of what is “non-significant” is justifiably questionable when it is arrived at without an analysis of statistical power. For this reason, unless power is high, a study may be doomed…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on October 25, 2016 at 6:06am — No Comments
A good portion of the current recall and shipment rejection issues happen within the cold chain food transportation sector, resulting in fairly high, but preventable financial loss. This is an indication of how much scope is there to contain seepage in the food and transportation industries.
Is this happening because of lack of regulation? No. Rather, it is the lack of proper…
Added by Adam Fleming on October 17, 2016 at 5:53am — No Comments
Although the news of a company receiving strictures from the FDA in the form of 483s, Warning Letters, and even Consent Decrees is a near daily occurrence in the industry; when it happens, it takes such companies by surprise. Not only is the company’s executive management caught off guard by these events; they are also embarrassed by the bad press they get, as well by the very expensive and damaging investigations and corrective and preventive action that follow.…
Added by Adam Fleming on October 13, 2016 at 5:32am — No Comments
It is a disturbing, but true fact that medical devices are hacked. Medical devices have inbuilt software, and hackers try to breach this. Medical device cyber security is thus critical, because lack of it can bring harm to patients who use medical devices that come with software built…
Added by Adam Fleming on October 12, 2016 at 5:41am — No Comments
In a broad sense, GMPs refer to good manufacturing practices in any field. The main intention of these GMPs is that they enable industries to perform the required practices needed for complying with guidelines set out by the regulatory authorities. GMP guidelines are issued by regulatory authorities all around the world, mainly in the US, Canada, the countries of Europe and many others.
The ambit…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on October 11, 2016 at 6:10am — No Comments
FDA Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is a huge sea of regulations that the FDA has created for regulating all products that come under its purview of regulation. The FDA codes of federal regulations are numbered and cover all products, processes and the activities that go into their creation.
The FDA Code of Federal Regulations is a compendium of codified general and permanent rules the federal…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on October 6, 2016 at 5:46am — No Comments
The responses that organizations give to the FDA when they need to interact with it have to be very precise, technical and scientific. They are a test of the writing skills of the writer who frames these responses. The answers have to be very carefully weighed. Responses to the FDA have to be more loaded and impactful than being creative or artistic.
The power of persuasive and…
Added by Adam Fleming on October 3, 2016 at 5:26am — No Comments
The ongoing Part 11 inspection and enforcement program is the mechanism by which the FDA continues to enforce implementation of Part 11. Using this method, this regulatory agency has, in just the last four years, issued more than 30 Warning Letters for deviations from Part 11. The most important reasons for which citations get issued by the FDA relate to insufficient integrity, security and availability of electronic records, as well as validation of software and computer…
Added by Adam Fleming on September 30, 2016 at 6:57am — No Comments
Documentation is at the heart of medical devices. If a medical device manufacturer cannot convincingly establish documentation of the manufacturing process; the medical device is bound to have regulatory approval hurdles. Every medical device manufacturer has to both establish and maintain all of these: documents, procedures and records, all of which must be under a state of control.
So, what should the documentation establish and prove?…
Added by Adam Fleming on September 13, 2016 at 6:52am — No Comments
Good Documentation Practice (GDP) constitutes the backbone of any GxP environment. Not only is GDP a sound business practice; it is also an FDA requirement. This being the case, it is absolutely essential for FDA-regulated organizations to get their GDP right. An organization that does not get its GDP right risks facing a number of consequences.
Today’s regulatory requirements are stricter than ever before. In this environment of very rigid regulatory environment;…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on September 6, 2016 at 7:57am — No Comments
Although unfortunate; it is true that those who work in water systems design them keeping obsolete concepts in mind. Why this happens is that the water systems organization is reluctant to be open-minded enough to update its water systems from time to time. The result is that the water systems get built on a shaky foundation, making them fundamentally weak.
Myths are the backbone of water systems failures
An additional problem faced by most microbial monitoring…
ContinueAdded by Adam Fleming on September 2, 2016 at 6:12am — No Comments
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