All Blog Posts (1,472)

21 CFR Part 11 is an FDA regulation that deals with electronic records and electronic signatures. 21 CFR Part 11 has a set of FDA regulations that define the various parameters that need to go into electronic records and electronic signatures for them to be considered genuine, that is, for these records to have the same trustworthiness, reliability and equivalency as those of paper records.

Any organization has to comply with the requirements set out in…

Professionals in a wide number of industries and businesses find the VLOOKUP function in Excel very useful. Why this is so is that it helps in locating an exact value. Using VLOOKUP, an MS Excel user can find a specific piece of information in the spreadsheet. This is very useful when there are very many values in a grid. In other words, the VLOOKUP…

The whole exercise of drug making is incomplete and unthinkable without laboratory testing. There is no better indicator of success on the part of the drug manufacturer than this activity. This is absolutely essential as a means for confirming that all the ingredients that make a laboratory product, such as the raw materials used in it, the in-process materials as well as the finished materials that go into it, and containers as well, all kowtow to the set, required…

Audits are a means of evaluating operations and other functions of an organization. ISO 19011:2011 Guidelines for Auditing Management Systems describes audits as a process used for gathering the evidence of verifiable documents and map their suitability, alignment and fulfilment with the company’s policies and procedures.

An audit is an important tool that helps organizations to analyze opportunities, implement best practices, and assess all the important factors in…

Advertising is a highly challenging and creative field. However, when making claims about the efficacy and effectiveness of products, especially drug products, advertising professionals need to comply with strict compliance guidelines which set out the limits of claims. The US government lays considerable stress on the veracity aspects of the advertising claims.

An ad for a drug product must state not just the benefits of a product, but also its side effects, risk…

Shrink investigation is essentially about examining the causes of shrink (loss) in retail businesses. Although retail is one of the fastest growing areas of business, the possibility of shrink is very high in this area. It is also an overlooked area, because of which many shrinks that could otherwise have been prevented, do not get prevented.

Controlling losses is as important…

Packaging and labeling of commercial and clinical products are very important aspects to an organization involved in a business that relates to these products. While the packaging and labeling of commercial products is important, it is more so with clinical products, because these products play an important role in a clinical trial and also in the very life of a patient or subject.

Commercial products have their own value over time. The FDA has guidances for…

The FDA considers verification and transfer of Test Methods a subject worthy of 483 observations and issuance of Warning Letters. Test method verification is also required by the GMPs, and USP has a whole chapter dedicated to test method verification. This makes comprehension of the requirements for the verification and transfer of a test method into a laboratory imperative for Laboratory Managers and other personnel.…